Perilla has a long history of planting in China, mainly used in medicinal, oil, spices, edible and so on. In addition, perilla also contains unique active substances and nutrients, and has high economic value. However, the occurrence of pests and diseases has caused the growers to suffer economic losses. Due to the serious damage, the quality of the perilla is seriously reduced. Timely pesticide control is necessary.
1. rickets: the onset of seedlings, the base of the stem is water-stained, then turns yellow-brown, spread around the stem, and collapses into a linear shape and falls, at this time the cotyledons are still turquoise. A few days later, the center of the disease grows outward and falls into pieces. It is cold and rainy, and the disease is too serious. When the ground humidity is high, a layer of cotton-like white mold can be seen in the diseased part and surrounding topsoil.
Control methods: strengthen inspection, find sporadic disease plants, immediately excavate and sprinkle a small amount of grass ash. In the early stage of the disease, you can use 65% mancozeb WP 500 times solution, 50% carbendazim WP 500 times solution, 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times solution spray, 7 days spray, Spray 2 to 3 times to control the spread of the disease.
2. Rust: mainly harms the leaves. At the onset of the leaves, yellow-white spots appear on the back of the leaves from bottom to top, and then expand to the whole plant; in the later stage, the lesions rupture, emitting orange-yellow or even black powder until the leaves are yellow and fall off, and die early.
Control method: Before sowing, seed dressing with 15% triadimefon with a seed weight of 0.4%. China Pesticide Network recommends that in the early stage of the disease, choose 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture, 25% triazolone wettable powder 2000 times solution, 15% triazolone wettable powder 1000 times solution, 25% propiconazole wettability Powder 4000 times liquid, 50% sulfur glue suspension 400 ~ 500 times liquid spray control, 7 ~ 10 days spray once, even spray 2 ~ 3 times.
3. Powdery mildew: commonly known as white hair disease, is a fungal disease, the bacteria overwinter in the field of sickness, becoming the source of infection at the beginning of the year. The onset temperature is 16 to 24 °C. High temperature, high humidity, high temperature and drought alternate weather, when the plant growth is weak, the incidence is serious.
Control method: In the early stage of the disease, 25% triazolone wettable powder 2000 times solution, 15% triazolone wettable powder 1000 times solution, 40% polysulfur suspension 500 times solution, 50% methylthioglycol gum Suspension 500 times liquid spray control, spray once every 7 to 10 days, even spray 2 times; can also spray 500 times of baking soda immediately after the onset, spray once every 3 days, for 4 to 5 times.
4. Root rot: It is a fungal disease and is mainly transmitted by rainwater, unfertilized farmyard manure and agricultural implements. In the case of high temperature and humidity, low hydronephrosis, soily weight, and heavy weight for many years, the incidence is serious. Harmful to the rhizome, the main root is damaged and rotted, no lateral roots, the plant is short, and the stems and leaves die in severe cases.
Control method: In the early stage of the disease, use fungicide 50% thiophanate-methyl WP 500 times solution, 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times solution, 75% sulfonate WP 1000 times solution, or 40 % polysulfur suspension agent 800 times liquid spray control. Mainly spray the rhizome, once every 7 days, even spray 2 to 3 times.
5. Spot blight: It starts in June and can be harmed until harvest. It is mainly harmful to the leaves. In the early stage of the disease, brown or dark brown spots with different sizes and shapes are formed on the leaf surface, and then developed into a nearly round or more. Large angular lesions with a diameter of 0.2 to 2.5 cm. The lesions are not obvious on the purple leaf surface, and are more vivid on the green leaf surface. After the diseased spots are dry, holes are often formed. In severe cases, the lesions meet and the leaves fall off. Under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity, insufficient sunlight and poorly planted, poor ventilation and light transmission, it is easy to develop.
Control method: In the early stage of the disease, the pesticide manufacturer recommends using 65% Dyson zinc wettable powder 600-800 times solution, 1:1:200 Bordeaux solution, 70% mancozeb 500 times solution, 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc 400 times solution. It should be noted that every 7 days, even spray 2 to 3 times, stop spraying in the first half of the harvest.
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