Winter irrigation is one of the practical experiences of increasing yield of winter wheat. For proper winter irrigation, the following three factors must be considered: temperature, soil moisture and seedlings.
The suitable temperature for winter irrigation is about 3 °C. Winter irrigation is too early, the temperature is still high, the evaporation is large, can not play the role of irrigation, increase the sputum, but also cause the wheat sprouts long, not anti-freezing; winter irrigation too late, the temperature is low, the soil freezes, the water can not infiltrate, often The occurrence of Lingtai will cause the wheat seedlings to die or suffocate. When the average daily temperature during winter irrigation is below 0 °C or close to 0 °C, there are different degrees of freezing damage after irrigation. After the winter irrigation, the cold current comes, and when the temperature drops below 0 °C, the winter irrigation is higher than the winter temperature of the winter irrigation, which is good for ensuring the safe wintering of the wheat seedlings.
From the aspect of soil moisture, if it is lower than 70% of the field water holding capacity, winter irrigation is required; if it is higher than 70%, winter irrigation or winter irrigation can be appropriately postponed, but it is necessary to strengthen the soil and ensure the soil temperature and promote the wheat. Roots are tied to cultivate strong seedlings.
The seedling condition during winter irrigation is also an important condition for considering whether to carry out winter irrigation. Wang Miao generally does not lack water and fertilizer, and does not need winter irrigation. Weak seedlings (especially late sowing wheat, single root seedlings) should not be used for winter irrigation to prevent silt, Lingtai, and freezing damage to wheat seedlings. Even dead seedlings. For such weak seedlings, the winter water can be changed into water, and the water is fertilized, and the seedlings are used to make the wheat seedlings weaker and stronger. In the "wetland" wheat field, the soil permeability is poor. After winter irrigation, the wheat seedlings are prone to redness, yellowing, and even suffocation. For this type of wheat field, under the condition of watering before the sowing and under the seed, the cultivating is carried out after tillering. With the protection measures, it is not necessary to consider winter irrigation.
The amount of winter irrigation should not be too large, so as to avoid the formation of ice shells in the area of ​​water, causing the upper part of the plant to be frozen, the roots to suffocate, and the tillers to die and reduce production.
After winter irrigation, the soil should be properly cut to avoid cracking due to soil compaction. Late sowing wheat must pay special attention. In addition to protecting the soil from cracking and aeration, it can also increase the ground temperature of 0-10cm by about 1 °C, which is conducive to promoting seedling growth.
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