Respiratory protection products classified introduction

Commonly used respiratory protection products are mainly divided into filter type and isolation type

Filter type respiratory protection products

(1) Dust masks

Mainly based on gauze, non-anti-cloth, ultra-fine fiber materials, such as the core filter material filter respiratory protection products, used to filter out the air of particulate toxic and hazardous substances, but toxic, harmful gases and steam without protective equipment .

Dust masks come in many forms, including flat (such as regular gauze masks), semi-stereotypes (such as foldable duck bills, folded folds), and stereo (such as molded, half-masked). Regardless of the form, the protective parts are masks. From the airtight effect and safety considerations, the three-dimensional, semi-stealth airtight effect is better, the safety is higher, and the flat type is slightly later.

Applicable areas and industries: health care, electronics industry, food industry, beauty care, cleaning and care.
Applicable environmental characteristics: The pollutants are only non-playable particulate matter, and do not contain toxic, harmful gases and steam.

(2) Respirator masks

It is a filter-type respiratory protection product that uses the super-fiber material and reactive fiber as the core filter material. The ultra-fine fiber material is used to filter particulate matter in the air, including toxic and harmful sol, activated carbon, activated fiber and other contact materials for filtering out steam and gases.

Compared with dust masks, gas masks not only protect large particles of dust and aerosols in the air, but also have a certain filtering effect on harmful gases and vapors.

The form of gas masks is mainly half-faced and masked.

Use areas and occasions: chemical production of petroleum processing, rubber, leather, metallurgy, welding cutting, sanitary fire, experimental research.
The applicable environmental characteristics are: Work or workplace contains low concentrations of harmful vapors, gases, aerosols.

(3) Filter gas mask

It is also a filter-type respiratory protection product using ultra-fine fiber materials, activated carbon, and activated carbon fiber as the core filter material. (Including canisters, filter cartridges, and filter elements), the masks are directly connected to the filter elements, and some are connected through air tubes.

The common features of filter-type gas masks and gas masks: They can protect large particles of dust, aerosols, and poisonous vapors and gases.
The difference between a filter-type gas mask and a respirator: The filter-type gas mask filters out harmful gases, has a wider range of vapor concentration, and has longer protection time, so it is safer and more reliable. In addition, the protective area also extends to the eyes and facial skin and generally has a better sealing effect with a higher and safer protective effect.
Applicable main fields and occasions: chemical industry, petroleum industry, military, mining, warehouse, seaport, scientific research institutions, etc.

Isolated respirator (self-contained) protective equipment

Isolated (self-contained) respirator is divided into oxygen respirator, air respirator, and chemical oxygen respirator based on different gas sources. According to the user's breathing cycle in any one process, the mask pressure and external environment pressure is divided into positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus and negative pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

Self-contained breathing apparatus for positive pressure use conditions: The nature of harmful gases is unknown; oxygen content is lower
19.5%; The presence of undetectable harmful gases; Inhalation of contaminated gases poses immediate threats to life and health, and emergency handling of hazardous hazardous materials accidents.

(1) Oxygen (oxygen-nitrogen mixture) respirator

Oxygen breathing apparatus is divided into two types, open circuit and closed circuit.

Open-circuit oxygen respirator and air respirator structure is basically the same, the difference is that the high pressure gas cylinder is stored compressed oxygen (oxygen-nitrogen mixture).

When used, the oxygen (oxygen-nitrogen mixture) in the high-pressure cylinder is depressurized by the pressure reducer and then enters the mask for breathing. Exhaled gas is discharged directly into the atmosphere through the exhalation valve. The so-called closed-circuit type refers to the fact that the gas exhaled by the human body is not discharged into the surrounding atmosphere but is filtered and absorbs carbon dioxide and supplements oxygen and then circulates in the respiratory system. The entire respiratory process is isolated from the external atmospheric environment.

Use occasions Coal mines, subways, metallurgy, military, petrochemical and other industrial sectors provide long-term respiratory protection for rescue workers.

(2) Air respirator

Air respirators are self-contained, open-type respiratory protective devices, also known as gas masks, sometimes referred to as fire masks. It uses a compressed gas cylinder as a source of gas, but the gas contained in the cylinder is compressed air. According to the pressure between the mask during the breathing process and the ambient pressure, it can be divided into positive pressure and external pressure. The positive pressure type always maintains positive pressure in the mask during use, which is safer. At present, it has basically replaced the latter and is widely used.

Applicable places: Widely used in fire, chemical, shipbuilding, mining and other departments.
Disadvantages: short protection time, usually tens of minutes, due to the larger volume of cylinders of air respirators, resulting in greater self-weight, the wearer's activities are subject to certain restrictions.

(3) Chemical oxygen breathing apparatus

Advantages: The unit has a long protective effect, low oxygen consumption, and can establish good microclimate breathing conditions.
Disadvantages: There is no structurally reliable indicator to calibrate when the protection time of the equipment is over. Therefore, in order to determine the time of protection, the wearer should use a stopwatch.
Applicable places: Chemical oxygen breathing apparatus is mainly used in accidents. Rescue workers are used in confined and unventilated environment with extremely high concentration of harmful substances and lack of oxygen.

Other types of respiratory protection products

(1) Emergency escape breathing apparatus

Emergency escape breathing apparatus
The emergency escape breathing apparatus is specially designed for emergency escape, including special fire escape masks and isolated escape breathing apparatus that can be used in various emergency situations.

Fire escape masks are filter-type respiratory protection products that, in addition to filtering dust, aerosols, and general harmful gas vapors, also have the function of filtering out carbon monoxide.

(2) Long tube respirator

Its most prominent feature is the longer air duct (50~90m), which can be used in conjunction with mobile air supply, mobile air purification stations, etc., mainly using compressed air steel tubes as the air source, and some using filtered air as the air source. .

Long tube respirators are particularly suitable for continuous long-term use in complex fire rescue and a wide range of chemical, biochemical and industrial pollution environments. Typical application environments include the elimination of asbestos and other hazardous materials, nuclear processing and nuclear removal, and the stripping and spraying of isocyanate coatings.

(3) Powered air respirator

Powered air respirator

Powered air respirators mainly use the principle of combining power supply with air filtration to provide users with air supply. The advantage of powered air supply is that it can reduce respiratory resistance, and at the same time it can form a certain positive pressure in the mask to improve the comfort of use and the safety of protection.

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