Fire protection solutions for high-rise slabs

In recent years, because of its superiority in living comfort (North-South ventilation, 2-4 households in one ladder), the slab floor has made the interference between residents relatively small, and it has become more and more popular in the residential market in Beijing. The fire protection solutions of high-rise slab buildings have also undergone a process of change, which is becoming more and more economically reasonable.

According to the "Code for Fire Protection Design of High-Rise Civil Buildings" (hereinafter referred to as "<High Regulations") "6.1.1: There should be no less than two safety exits per fire zone in high-rise buildings" Properly reduce the number of elevators per floor. In the past few years, Beijing has built many corridor-type slab buildings-that is, the standard floor has two evacuation stairs. All residents are connected to the evacuation entrance through the inner and outer corridors. Big. People on the outer corridor can easily see the interior, which affects the privacy of the residence and also leaves hidden safety hazards. On the outer corridor of many high-rise residential buildings in Beijing, some residents are opening the outer corridor. Install anti-theft window guardrails on the windows, and even pile up debris, the living quality is low. The inner corridor is more suitable as a jump layer. If it is a flat layer, there is no north-south ventilation. If it is a north-south slab, there is no direct sunlight on the north side.

According to << High Regulation >> "6.1.1.2: Each unit is provided with an evacuation staircase leading to the roof, and from the tenth floor, each unit with adjacent balconies or porches on each floor can be provided with one exit". There are two solutions.

1: The board building is composed of several units, each unit is equipped with an evacuation ladder, and from the tenth floor, each adjacent unit is provided with an inner corridor or an outer corridor. The quality of this type of apartment below ten floors is very good, but the quality of high-rise residential buildings that should have raised the price in the sale of commercial housing has decreased.

2: The board building is composed of several units, each unit is equipped with an evacuation ladder, and from the tenth floor, each balcony of the adjacent unit is provided with a fire door on the balcony wall. The fire door can be opened during a fire and leads to the next unit As a second evacuation port. This kind of plan eliminates the corridor, greatly improving the quality of the house, but it also brings some problems. First of all, the soundproofing performance of the fire doors on the balcony is poor, and the two families chatted on their balconies and heard each other's voices. Secondly, the two sides of the fire door are not public areas, but people. The fire door can be opened during a fire, which means that it can also be opened at ordinary times, and the safety of the two neighbors is difficult to guarantee. Recently, when a real estate in Beijing was handed over, owners complained about this phenomenon.

In order to better meet the economic and comfort of the residence under the premise of ensuring fire safety, at present, many high-rise slabs of 18 floors and below are designed according to the row of towers.

According to << High Regulation >> "6.1.1.1: Eighteen floors and below, each floor does not exceed eight households, the construction area does not exceed 650 square meters, and there is a smoke-proof staircase and a fire elevator tower A safe exit can be set up in the residence. " Townhouses—that is, each unit in a slab building is considered to be an independent tower. The partition wall between the units is a firewall (general household walls can meet the firewall requirements), and the window spacing on both sides of the wall is> = 2 meters, or another section of firewall is added. Each unit has a smoke-proof stairwell and fire elevator. Some buildings (such as Century Landscape) have ventilated lighting windows in the smoke-proof staircase and its front room, which can not only eliminate the positive pressure air supply equipment and the positive pressure air supply shaft, reduce the cost, increase the housing availability rate, while It also increases the comfort of the residence, allowing residents to watch the scenery outside the window while waiting for the elevator in the interior of the fire front.

From corridor-type high-rise slabs for the purpose of reducing construction costs to linked-tower high-rise slabs that focus on living quality, Beijing's residential design is increasingly showing concern for people.