During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, China’s major projects in the manufacturing sector have included important areas of energy, automobile, aerospace and transportation related to national economy and people’s livelihood, and typical and key parts involved in the manufacture of major equipment in these industries. The characteristics are: large, heavy, complex and precise. The cutting process of new difficult-to-machine materials (such as silicon-aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, high-strength heat-resistant steel, carbon fiber and composite materials) occupies a considerable proportion. This puts new challenges on CNC machining technology and CNC cutting machine equipment. It also puts new requirements and challenges on CNC tool and digital measurement technology and measuring instrument, and provides new development opportunities and stage. At present, the development of CNC tools and instruments in China lags behind the development of CNC machine tools, which has become a bottleneck hindering the development of CNC cutting technology and CNC cutting machine tools in China. It is imperative to change the status quo.
In order to understand the needs and application status of CNC machine tools and measuring instruments in China's major machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, in order to further clarify the current situation of domestic CNC cutting tools and measuring instruments in key parts cutting and processing. Its gap with foreign advanced technology and products, in order to help objective and scientific confirmation: during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period and for some time to come, China's tool industry in the field of CNC tools and digital measuring instruments in the field of research and direction, In June 2008, the author was fortunate to participate in the investigation of some manufacturers of nuclear power wind power equipment manufacturing and tool manufacturing organized by China Machine Tool Industry Association, and the status quo of China's CNC tool and measuring instrument in the national important machinery and equipment manufacturing industry. And development has a deeper feeling.
I. Application status of numerical control tools and digital measuring instruments in nuclear power wind power equipment manufacturing industry
Energy equipment manufacturing, especially clean energy such as nuclear power and wind power equipment manufacturing, has developed rapidly in recent years. Some typical key components in power generation equipment, such as steam turbine blades, rotor wheel slots, and turbine generator rotor weaving grooves, are processed because the materials to be processed are difficult-to-machine materials such as heat-resistant high-strength alloy steel and stainless steel. The cutting load is heavy, and the cutting performance of the numerical control tool, such as high temperature red hardness, bending shear strength, abrasion resistance, adhesion resistance, friction coefficient and the like are highly demanded. At the same time, the cutting of high-precision complex profiles puts higher demands on the accuracy of the CNC tool itself. Therefore, the processing and testing of these typical parts of power generation equipment, to a certain extent, represent and reflect the latest achievements and levels of advanced cutting technology and advanced numerical control tools, advanced digital measurement technology and measuring instruments, which has attracted the attention of the tool manufacturing industry. In addition, the high-precision, large-scale wind power transmission gearbox gear forming processing and measurement, as well as the new technology of the transmission rolling screw hard cutting forming process, were also deeply impressed.
1. CNC machining of steam turbine blade profiles
Today, the five-axis linkage CNC machining process for steam turbine blades has been widely used. The number of steam turbine blades is large, the specifications are large, the contour shape is complex, the precision is high, and it is difficult to process. The high-performance alloy steel workpiece with heat resistance, high strength and corrosion resistance increases the difficulty of cutting. Therefore, the material and coating performance of the indexable insert base of the numerical control tool of the blade are very high. At present, most of the factory processing still uses foreign carbide coated tools/blades. In the investigation, it is understood that the processing of the impeller blades of the integral forging impact turbine has yet to be tackled. Regarding the detection of the shape accuracy of steam turbine blades, the coordinate measurement is usually carried out using a coordinate measuring machine, such as PC-DMIS.
The BLADE software performs measurements on the coordinate measuring machine and analysis of the blade parameters; or in the field using the sample optical gap method, but the latter lacks quantitative determination. The company expects to provide digital instruments that can be easily applied to the production site and can quickly and accurately measure batch blades.
2. Numerical control machining of steam turbine rotor eucalyptus wheel groove
The forming milling cutter for processing the turf-type wheel groove of the steam turbine rotor has high precision and the precision of the profile line is up to the micron level. At present, the cutting performance and precision of the eucalyptus-type wheel groove milling cutter (M42 high-speed steel base + TiAlN coating) made by localization (including the self-developed by the steam turbine factory) can basically meet the needs of users, and it is gradually entering the production site to replace the import.
3. CNC machining of the turbine generator shaft groove
The turbine generator shaft inlay groove is machined on a CNC rotor slot milling machine using a special indexable rotor slot milling cutter. Since the shaft material is high-strength alloy steel, the cutting groove is deep, the milling cutter has a large diameter, the cutting speed is high, and the cutting load is heavy, and the quality of the non-re-grinding CNC carbide coated blade is high. The production site is still dominated by foreign tool products.
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