Conception of a new catalyst for the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to methanol
Methanol is a colorless, transparent and volatile liquid fuel, which has always been valued by industry. Recently, chemists at Yale University in the United States have opened up a new electronic "highway", making the manufacture of methanol much easier.
The research was published online in the journal Nature on November 27. It found a new solution for two chemical tasks: the production of methanol and the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Wang Hailiang led the research as an assistant professor at the Yale University Department of Chemistry and a member of the Yale University West Campus Energy Science Institute.
Methanol can be used to produce a variety of products, such as antifreeze, paint thinner, and glass cleaner. It is also used to produce biodiesel fuels, plastics, plywood, and long-lasting stereotypes of clothing.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a catalyst that uses electricity to convert carbon dioxide and water to methanol. This is a type of catalyst called heterogeneous molecular electrocatalyst. The reason why it is said to be "heterogeneous" is because it is a solid catalyst material working in a liquid electrolyte, and "molecule" means that the active site of the catalyst is a molecular structure.
"The unique structure of the new catalyst is the key to this research." Wang Hailiang said.
He and his team fixed individual molecules of cobalt phthalocyanine (or its derivatives) on the surface of carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes are nano-sized graphene layers. Carbon nanotubes are like an electronic highway that quickly and continuously transports electrons to catalytic sites, converting carbon dioxide into methanol. "This is a six-electron reduction process," the researchers said. "This means that six electrons are injected into a carbon dioxide molecule."
Prior to this, scientists realized a more limited electron transfer, namely the two-electron reduction process. It means that molecular catalysts can only convert carbon dioxide into products such as carbon monoxide.
Wang Hailiang said: "The molecular catalyst for isomerization enables our team to perform new and known chemical reactions in a better way. This is an example." (Compiled by Ji Hongmei)
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