As the saying goes: Ning lacks a day, no shortage of water. However, many farmers in the breeding process always believe that to raise livestock and poultry as long as more feeding, feeding good materials, often overlook the problem of drinking water. What is the status of water in livestock and poultry farming? How should we feed water and feed water? Let's talk about this issue today.
The relationship between water and livestock life Water is an indispensable part of maintaining the life of livestock and poultry, and is an important part of the animal body and a very important nutrient. The water in the pigs accounts for about 1/3 to 2/3 of its body weight, and all life processes in the animal are inseparable from water. The biochemical processes in the body need to be carried out with the participation of water or an aqueous solution. All physiological activities, such as body temperature regulation, cold and heat stress, nutrient transport, waste excretion, etc., are mostly done with the participation of water. Under normal circumstances, a pig weighing about 50 kilograms will need about 8 kilograms to 15 kilograms of water per day, and one third of the life of the water is threatened. The farmer said: "Ning lack of one day, no shortage of water" is scientifically justified. In addition, flushing the rim, washing the utensils, cooling the shower, etc., also requires a lot of water. Water has a very close relationship with livestock.
Water and water source selection for livestock and poultry drinking water
Natural water sources for livestock and poultry drinking water can be divided into precipitation, surface water and groundwater.
precipitation
Rain and snow falling in the air are often contaminated by various dust and pathogenic microorganisms in the atmosphere. In hills, mountainous areas and arid areas where water sources are scarce, rain and snow are often stored in “dry wells†and “droughts and floodsâ€, in the northwestern and Inner Mongolia pastoral areas and in the northeast alpine region. In winter and early spring, ice and snow are dissolved and purified. After disinfection, it can be used for drinking by people and animals. Surface water
It is the water that is collected by the rain and snow water at the low ground of the ground or the snow in the mountains and the ice melts down the river. Such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, reservoirs, etc. This kind of water is easily polluted by sediments on the ground, industrial, domestic wastewater, chemical poisons and pathogenic microorganisms. It must be precipitated, purified and disinfected before it can be drunk. groundwater
Well water and spring water are all groundwater. This type of water is less likely to be contaminated by formation protection and the water quality is usually cleaner than the surface water. However, in recent years, it has been reported that toxic substances such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, human and animal manure sewage leak into the groundwater, and the underground water flows downstream, and people and animals are reported to have been poisoned by drinking groundwater.
Water source selection
In order to meet the standards of “Non-polluted food – drinking water quality of livestock and poultry drinking water†and sufficient water source, tap water with good water quality should be selected in urban areas. Deep underground water should be selected in rural areas. There should be no water within 50 meters to 100 meters around the water source. Source of pollution. If ground water is used as drinking water, it should be sedimented, purified and disinfected according to the water quality before drinking.
Purification of livestock and poultry drinking water After the livestock and poultry drinking water is polluted by sewage, the water color deteriorates. It is clear and colorless, gradually turns yellow, green, black, smells bad, contains many pathogenic microorganisms, and can never be used as drinking water. The sedimentation water purification method is also called the natural sedimentation method, and is a simple water purification method commonly used in rural areas. For turbid water, it should be purified first to clarify the water and remove some microorganisms. This method is to use the gravity of the suspended solids in the water and the impurities themselves to precipitate and make the water clear. If the turbidity is heavier, the suspended solids will not precipitate for a long time. It can be added with 35 grams of alum in 1000 liters of water. After adsorbing tiny suspended solids in the water, it will precipitate faster and make the water clear. This method can remove more than 90% of the suspended matter, 50% to 80% of the bacteria, and 80% of the color removal. Water in deep wells above 70 meters does not require purification if it is non-polluting. Filter the water purification method. When water passes through the filter layer in the sand filter, it can be better purified due to the effects of retention, precipitation, adsorption, and the like. The sand filter can remove 80%-90% of suspended matter, 80%-90% of bacteria, and can remove worm eggs, Schistosoma cercariae, and amoeba. The sand filter is made of red brick and cement, and the height is 1 meter. The size is determined according to the needs. The filter layer can be made of fine sand, coarse sand, brown skin and stone. The fine sand and coarse sand are respectively 0.5 mm. With a diameter of 0.8 mm, the diameter of the gravel is 1.5 cm. The loading procedure is the bottom layer of gravel 10 cm, the brown skin 2 layers, the coarse sand 20 cm, the fine sand 40 cm, the brown skin. 1 layer, gravel 10 cm. You can pour turbid water. Leave a drop of water in the corner of the bottom of the pool and place a clear water tank under the hole to get clean water. The filter tank should be replaced with new raw materials for about half a year.
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