Solid-state batteries are the key research objects of the electric vehicle industry. According to foreign media reports, scientists at Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden and Xi'an Jiaotong University in China have proposed a new method to bring the promising concept of solid-state batteries closer to large-scale applications. They have developed a sandwich layer made of butter-like materials that can be spread away, which can increase the current density of solid-state batteries by a factor of 10, while improving battery performance and safety.
(Source: Chalmers University of Technology)
Shizhao Xiong, a researcher in the Department of Physics at Chalmers University of Technology, said: "This kind of sandwich layer can make the battery more stable and can withstand higher current density. The important thing is that it is easy to coat the lithium metal anode of the battery with a soft film. It’s like buttering a sandwich."
Solid-state batteries may revolutionize the electric transportation industry. Unlike current lithium-ion batteries, solid-state batteries have solid electrolytes and therefore do not contain liquids that are harmful to the environment or flammable.
In short, a solid-state battery is similar to a dry sandwich. A layer of metallic lithium is like a piece of bread, and a layer of ceramic material overlying it resembles ingredients. This hard substance is the solid electrolyte of the battery and can transport lithium ions between the electrodes. But this kind of "sandwich" is too dry, it is difficult to make the above two layers fit together, and the incompatibility between "bread" and "ingredients" will also cause problems. Many researchers around the world are working hard to develop appropriate solutions to solve this problem.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology and Xi'an Jiaotong University are working on a soft, spreadable, "butter-like" substance made of nanoparticles of ceramic electrolyte LAGP mixed with an ionic liquid. The liquid encapsulates LAGP particles, so that the sandwich layer has a protective effect. The texture of this material is similar to the butter in the refrigerator, it can meet a variety of functions, and it is easy to apply to other objects.
Although the potential of solid-state batteries is well known, no methods have been developed to make them sufficiently stable, especially when the current density is high, that is, when a large amount of energy needs to be quickly drawn from the battery, that is, when the battery is quickly charged and discharged And this new type of sandwich layer has huge development potential and can solve such problems.
Aleksandar Matic, a professor of physics at Chalmers University of Technology, predicts that solid-state batteries will be available in the next five years, and he said: "This research is an important step that will promote the mass production of cost-effective, safe and environmentally friendly batteries. And, such batteries also have a very high capacity, and the frequency of charging and discharging is also very high." (Yu Qiuyun)
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