In order to reduce the occurrence of tanker loading and unloading accidents , several precautions for loading and unloading operations of tank trucks are now listed :
First, safety technical measures
(1) The loading and unloading facilities of automobile tank trucks, including crane pipes, oil pipelines, metal oil loading platforms, etc., should be reliably connected and grounded.
(2) The grounding, crane, fueling guns, pipelines, etc. of the loading and unloading site shall be connected and equipped with electrostatic grounding devices. The grounding resistance is not more than 100Ω .
(3) For the fuel tank of the automobile tanker, it is necessary to use a crocodile clamp with a cross-sectional area of ​​not less than 4mm2 copper core stranded wire to connect the paintable crocodile clamp, special connection chuck, etc., in order to connect with the loading and unloading tank car body; Connect the grounding device to one end.
(4) Automobile tankers used to transport refined oil should use rubber tow zones, and metal tow zones are prohibited.
(5) A baffle should be installed in the tank of the automobile tanker. It is forbidden to use the unbaffled car tanker to ship fuels.
(6) The resistance between the tank and the body shall not exceed 106 Ω. The resistance of the conductive path between any two points in the metal pipe or on the conductive parts inside the oil tank and at the end of the mopping tape is not more than 5 Ω .
(7) When loading automobile tankers, the maximum safe flow rate of crane tubes of different diameters shall comply with the following table.
 The maximum safe loading flow rate of automobile tankers (the number in parentheses is the corresponding flow rate m/s )
Crane tube diameter
Oil filling method 80 90 100 110 120 150
Top Loading 6.0(110) 5.5 (125) 5.0 (140) 4.5 (155) 4.2 (170) 3.3 (210)
(8) The connection between the electrostatic grounding wire and the automobile tanker shall meet the following requirements.
1 The connection should be tight and reliable, and the winding connection is not allowed.
2 Connect before opening the can lid.
3 It should be connected to the special grounding terminal plate of the tanker, etc., and it is not allowed to be connected within 1.5m of the loading and unloading port.
4 Remove the connection after closing the can lid.
(9) During the operation, light oil loading and unloading operations should be carried out in strict accordance with the relevant operating procedures. It is strictly forbidden to measure the temperature, measure the temperature, sample, or insert other objects into the tank for 2 minutes .
(10) When the tanker is loaded with oil at the top, the oil-filled crane pipe should be deep into the bottom of the tank, and the distance from the bottom of the tank should not exceed 200mm . It is strictly forbidden to spray light oil.
(11) When the oil tank (including tanker) with high volatile oil is replaced with low volatile oil, the oil and gas concentration in the tank should be detected. When the oil and gas concentration exceeds 25% of the lower explosion limit, it should be ventilated or cleaned.
(12) During the process of loading and unloading the fuel oil, the field test or test that may generate static ignition sparks shall not be carried out without approval.
(13) It is strictly forbidden to wipe the vehicle, articles or the ground at the workplace to carry out various temporary operations that may cause static hazards.
Second, safety precautions
1, the operator should wear can lead to the removal of static clothing and shoes.
2. Use no spark tool.
3. It is forbidden to work in stormy and thunderstorm days.
4. Pay attention to prevent oil spills.
5. When overflow or oil leakage is found, all oil loading operations at the loading point and adjacent oil loading positions should be stopped immediately. All valves that are open when unloading or lowering the oil should be closed. It should only be left on the loading platform by the main personnel. The starter of the vehicle must not be operated until the spilled oil is removed. The oil loading shall not be resumed until the person in charge of the filling declares that the area is safe.
6. If a fire occurs during loading and unloading, all operations should be stopped immediately, and unaffected vehicles should be driven away immediately. Close the tank valve to shut off the oil source and immediately perform the fire fighting operation.
7. Do not open the ignition switch for a long time after the car stops. There used to be a car burning in the garage itself. After investigation, it turned out that the ignition switch was still on after the last time the car came back. If it is turned on for a long time, it will cause the battery to discharge for a long time and cause fire.
8. It is not allowed to implement “ self-flowing oil supply †for a long time. Sometimes due to damage to the gasoline pump or damage to the oil pipe joint, it is impossible to rely on the gasoline pump to supply oil to the carburetor normally. It is temporarily unable to be repaired. Only emergency treatment can be taken, and self-flowing oil supply can be implemented to drive the vehicle back to the yard or to repair. plant. At present, this method is not allowed in the road traffic management regulations formulated by the state for the purpose of fire prevention.
9. It is not allowed to observe the liquid level of the battery with an open flame at night. When the vehicle is running, the battery is in an excessively charged state, and excessive hydrogen gas accumulated in the casing causes an explosion due to an open flame. Therefore, the small holes in the battery cover must be kept clear.
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