First, the benefits of using fertilizer and organic fertilizer
1. It can improve fertilizer efficiency. Fertilizers such as superphosphate and trace elements are applied to the soil and are fixed by the soil and fail. When mixed with organic fertilizer, the nutrient is reduced by reducing the contact surface with the soil, and the organic fertilizer can increase the solubility of the phosphate rock, which is better under the paddy field conditions. After many chemical fertilizers are mixed with organic fertilizers, chemical fertilizers can be absorbed by organic fertilizers to reduce losses. In addition, the addition of organic fertilizers to fertilizers can also promote the maturity of organic fertilizers and improve fertilizer efficiency. Tests show that the combination of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer can not only reduce soil redox potential, reduce ammonia nitrification, but also reduce nitrogen volatilization loss. Generally, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate can be increased by 10% to 15%.
2. It can reduce some unfavorable side effects that may occur in chemical fertilizers. When the application of larger quantitative fertilizers or uneven application of chemical fertilizers is applied, the concentration of soil solution is high, which affects the water absorption of crops and even roots. If mixed with organic fertilizers, this will not happen. problem. In addition, if the physiological acid fertilizer is applied alone for a long period of time, the soil will become sour, and excessive harmful substances such as active iron and activated aluminum will be produced, which will cause toxicity to the crop. Combined with organic fertilizers, it can increase the buffering properties of the soil and prevent soil acidification. Another example is that some superphosphate contains too much free acid. When it is used as a seed fertilizer, it will affect seed germination and seedling growth. After adding organic fertilizer, neutralizing free acid can reduce the damage to seeds.
3. Can increase crop nutrition Organic fertilizer contains more nutrients, stable and long-lasting fertilizer, contains more organic matter, can improve soil organic matter content, and improve soil physical and chemical properties. Not only can it supply crops, but it can also supply soil microorganisms with nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as vitamins and growth hormones. After the application of organic fertilizer, the soil enzyme activity is enhanced, which is beneficial to nutrient conversion. For example, organic fertilizer mixed with superphosphate or magnesium superphosphate can promote the growth of autotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil and increase the nitrogen nutrition of crops. According to the test, the organic matter content of the plots where the fertilizers and organic fertilizers are used for 3 years is 0.08%-0.11% higher than that of the single-fertilizer, the ammoniated bacteria increase by 260%, the aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria increase by 119%, and the fiber-decomposing bacteria increase by 600. %.
4. When the straw is returned to the field and the unfertilized organic fertilizer is applied, the chemical nitrogen fertilizer can be added to avoid the slow supply of the crop due to the early nitrogen deficiency, and the nitrate stage needs to provide both nitrate and ammonium at the ripening stage. Nitrogen, organic fertilizers can do this.
Second, the requirements of the use of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers
1. Grasp the application time, the amount of organic fertilizer is large, and the effect is slow. It should be applied as early as possible. Generally, the base fertilizer should be applied once before sowing. The fertilizer is used less and the effect is quick. Generally, it should be applied about 7 days before the crop needs fertilizer. .
2. Master the application method. Organic fertilizer should be combined with deep tillage to apply soil tillage. Nitrogen fertilizers used in combination with organic fertilizers should be used as base fertilizers or top dressings, while phosphate fertilizers can be used as base fertilizers along with organic fertilizers.
3. Control the amount of fertilization Fertilizer and organic fertilizer can be used together, and the amount can be different according to crop and soil fertility. For example, in rice, on low-fertility soil, 1000-1500 kg of organic fertilizer can be applied per mu, 10-15 kg of urea, 40-45 kg of compound fertilizer, and 10-12 kg of potassium chloride; in moderately fertile soil, per acre can Apply organic fertilizer 500-1000 kg, urea 8-10 kg, compound fertilizer 35-40 kg, potassium chloride 8-10 kg; on high-fertility soil, apply 500 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, urea 6-8 kg, Compound fertilizer 35 ~ 40 kg, potassium chloride 6 ~ 8 kg.
Source: Hebei Farmers Daily
1. It can improve fertilizer efficiency. Fertilizers such as superphosphate and trace elements are applied to the soil and are fixed by the soil and fail. When mixed with organic fertilizer, the nutrient is reduced by reducing the contact surface with the soil, and the organic fertilizer can increase the solubility of the phosphate rock, which is better under the paddy field conditions. After many chemical fertilizers are mixed with organic fertilizers, chemical fertilizers can be absorbed by organic fertilizers to reduce losses. In addition, the addition of organic fertilizers to fertilizers can also promote the maturity of organic fertilizers and improve fertilizer efficiency. Tests show that the combination of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer can not only reduce soil redox potential, reduce ammonia nitrification, but also reduce nitrogen volatilization loss. Generally, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate can be increased by 10% to 15%.
2. It can reduce some unfavorable side effects that may occur in chemical fertilizers. When the application of larger quantitative fertilizers or uneven application of chemical fertilizers is applied, the concentration of soil solution is high, which affects the water absorption of crops and even roots. If mixed with organic fertilizers, this will not happen. problem. In addition, if the physiological acid fertilizer is applied alone for a long period of time, the soil will become sour, and excessive harmful substances such as active iron and activated aluminum will be produced, which will cause toxicity to the crop. Combined with organic fertilizers, it can increase the buffering properties of the soil and prevent soil acidification. Another example is that some superphosphate contains too much free acid. When it is used as a seed fertilizer, it will affect seed germination and seedling growth. After adding organic fertilizer, neutralizing free acid can reduce the damage to seeds.
3. Can increase crop nutrition Organic fertilizer contains more nutrients, stable and long-lasting fertilizer, contains more organic matter, can improve soil organic matter content, and improve soil physical and chemical properties. Not only can it supply crops, but it can also supply soil microorganisms with nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as vitamins and growth hormones. After the application of organic fertilizer, the soil enzyme activity is enhanced, which is beneficial to nutrient conversion. For example, organic fertilizer mixed with superphosphate or magnesium superphosphate can promote the growth of autotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil and increase the nitrogen nutrition of crops. According to the test, the organic matter content of the plots where the fertilizers and organic fertilizers are used for 3 years is 0.08%-0.11% higher than that of the single-fertilizer, the ammoniated bacteria increase by 260%, the aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria increase by 119%, and the fiber-decomposing bacteria increase by 600. %.
4. When the straw is returned to the field and the unfertilized organic fertilizer is applied, the chemical nitrogen fertilizer can be added to avoid the slow supply of the crop due to the early nitrogen deficiency, and the nitrate stage needs to provide both nitrate and ammonium at the ripening stage. Nitrogen, organic fertilizers can do this.
Second, the requirements of the use of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers
1. Grasp the application time, the amount of organic fertilizer is large, and the effect is slow. It should be applied as early as possible. Generally, the base fertilizer should be applied once before sowing. The fertilizer is used less and the effect is quick. Generally, it should be applied about 7 days before the crop needs fertilizer. .
2. Master the application method. Organic fertilizer should be combined with deep tillage to apply soil tillage. Nitrogen fertilizers used in combination with organic fertilizers should be used as base fertilizers or top dressings, while phosphate fertilizers can be used as base fertilizers along with organic fertilizers.
3. Control the amount of fertilization Fertilizer and organic fertilizer can be used together, and the amount can be different according to crop and soil fertility. For example, in rice, on low-fertility soil, 1000-1500 kg of organic fertilizer can be applied per mu, 10-15 kg of urea, 40-45 kg of compound fertilizer, and 10-12 kg of potassium chloride; in moderately fertile soil, per acre can Apply organic fertilizer 500-1000 kg, urea 8-10 kg, compound fertilizer 35-40 kg, potassium chloride 8-10 kg; on high-fertility soil, apply 500 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, urea 6-8 kg, Compound fertilizer 35 ~ 40 kg, potassium chloride 6 ~ 8 kg.
Source: Hebei Farmers Daily
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