On June 25, Liu Tienan, director of the National Energy Administration, presided over the implementation of the shale gas development plan (2011-2015) in Beijing; on June 26, Zhang Dawei, director of the Oil and Gas Resource Strategy Research Center of the Ministry of Land and Resources, said that the 2012 shale gas prospecting bidding It is expected to be carried out in July; on June 26, the National Development and Investment Corporation and Chongqing Municipality signed a 30 billion yuan shale gas strategic cooperation framework agreement. Affected by this stimulus, the stock price of diamond-related listed companies rose sharply last Thursday, and the leading Sifangda was a strong daily limit.
The relationship between shale gas and diamond shale gas refers to the unconventional natural gas resources in the shale or high carbon mud shale in the state of adsorption or free state. In oil-bearing shale, gas is produced by itself, and shale is both a source rock and a reservoir. The burial depth of shale gas ranges from 200 meters to deeper than 4,000 meters. The burial depth of shale gas layers in the Sichuan Basin is more than 1,500 meters to 4,000 meters. The output of shale gas single well is low, but the production decline rate is slow, and the stable production time is long, generally more than 30 years. PDC bit is suitable for shale gas mining depth: At present, PDC bit has been widely used in the exploration and exploitation of conventional oil and gas, while the domestic conventional natural gas burial depth is generally about 1,500 meters to 3,000 meters, and the depth is equivalent to shale gas, so from the depth Angle judgment PDC drill bits should also be suitable for shale gas exploration and mining. In fact, millions of oil and gas wells drilled around the world in the past 150 years have penetrated a large number of shale intervals before the target depth, and the shale layer belongs to the medium soft grade rock formation, and we know that the PDC is drilling in the rock below the medium hard level. The advantage is significant, so theoretically the PDC bit should be the main bit of shale gas development.
The application of shale gas to the demand of diamond single crystals is limited . The diamond consumption in the field of
limited drilling is relatively low: the current application of diamond in the field of drilling is mainly concentrated on the drilling and excavation tools of conventional oil and gas wells, coal mines and metal mines. At around 800 million carats, it accounts for about 12% of the total consumption of domestic diamond crystals, and the proportion is low. Of course, the ratio is expected to increase after the development of shale gas, and the increase depends on the exploration and production scale of shale gas. The short-term scale of shale gas is still small: the national natural gas production in 2011 reached 102.53 billion cubic meters, which is mainly contributed by conventional natural gas. According to the shale gas development plan, China's shale gas production plan in 2015 is 6.5 billion cubic meters, and strives to reach 60 billion to 100 billion cubic meters in 2020. It can be seen that the production of shale gas in the short and medium term is still much smaller than that of conventional gas. Although the initial intensive exploration will make the consumption of drilling equipment higher than the consumption represented by the output, it is still difficult to compare with the equipment demand of conventional natural gas. Because the current diamond consumption in the drilling field is not high, and the increase in bit consumption caused by the development of short- and medium-term shale gas is not large, it is inferred that the overall demand for shale gas development is limited.
Domestic oil and gas composite sheet technology needs to be broken. Compared with the diamond single crystal industry, the impact of shale gas is more direct for enterprises specializing in the production of diamond drill bits or diamond compacts (PDC) for drill bits. High PDC technology barriers for oil and gas: Compared with general coal mines and metal mines, oil and gas drilling is deep, drilling rock formation is hard, and geological environment is complicated. At the same time, the damage replacement of drill bit will consume huge manpower, material and time cost, so the oil and gas drill bit The quality stability and durability of the diamond composite sheets used are extremely high. Due to the high technical barriers, the number of domestic production enterprises is limited, mainly including the Yellow River Cyclone, Sifangda, Xinya, Huayi, Haimingrun and so on. The domestic core oil and gas PDC market is still occupied by overseas products: compared with imported products, domestic oil and gas PDC still has gaps in impact resistance, wear resistance and thermal stability. Therefore, domestic core markets and overseas markets are still mainly occupied by foreign manufacturers. The only advantage of domestic PDC is price, but the large oil companies, China Petroleum and Sinopec, have strong financial strength and low price sensitivity to high-end imported products. Therefore, large state-owned enterprises that are averse to political risks are more willing to insist on using imported products. The domestic oil and gas PDC technology needs to be broken: the geological environment faced by shale gas mining is no less complex than the traditional conventional natural gas reservoir, and the domestic composite film has not effectively broken through the existing conventional oil and gas market, and will still be interested in the emerging shale gas market. Powerless. It is expected that the mainstream market of shale gas will still be occupied by imported products before the quality of domestic PDC technology fails to reach the level of imported PDC.
Investment Strategy Due to the application of diamond drill bits, shale gas development will have a substantial but limited impact on the diamond industry. For diamond single crystals, due to the current low proportion of diamond consumption in the drilling field, and the increase in bit consumption caused by the development of short- and medium-term shale gas is small, the overall demand for shale gas development is limited. For the PDC industry, the domestic core oil and gas market is still mainly occupied by foreign products because the domestic PDC is inferior to the imported PDC in terms of quality performance. The significance of shale gas to domestic PDC manufacturers is to expand the market space for import substitution in the future. However, before the domestic PDC changes the backwardness of technology, the mainstream oil and gas and shale gas mainstream markets will still be occupied by imported products.
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